Breaking Patient Confidentiality: Comparing Chilean and French Viewpoints Regarding the Conditions of its Acceptability*
نویسندگان
چکیده
r e s u M e n Para examinar las condiciones bajo las cuales una muestra de participantes del público general y de profesionales de la salud chilenos considera aceptable que un médico rompa la confidencialidad para proteger al cónyuge de un paciente que padece una enfermedad de transmisión sexual (ETS), doscientos siete participantes (personas del público general y profesionales de la salud), evaluaron la aceptabilidad de dicha ruptura en 48 escenarios, que consistieron en todas las posibles combinaciones de 5 factores (gravedad de la enfermedad, tiempo que se toma conversar sobre la enfermedad con Para citar este artículo. Olivari, C., Muñoz, M. T., Guedj, M., Sorum, P. C., & Mullet, E. (2011). Breaking patient confidenciality: comparing Chilean and French viewpoints regarding the conditions of its acceptability. Universitas Psychologica, 10(1), 13-26. * Research article. ** Casilla 617. Talca. Chile. E-mail: [email protected] *** Université de Toulouse II Le Mirail, Bureau R39, Rez-de-chaussée du Pavillon de la Recherche. Emails: [email protected]; [email protected] **** Albany Med Primary Care Network, 724, Watervliet-Shaker Road, Latham, NY 12110, United States of America. E-mail: [email protected] ***** Corresponding author: Etienne Mullet, quefes 17bis, F-31830 Plaisance, France, etienne.mullet@ wanadoo.fr 0UP10-1_final.indb 13 6/8/11 6:24 AM CeCilia Olivari, Maria Teresa MuñOz sasTre, MyriaM Guedj, Paul Clay sOruM, eTienne MulleT 14 Un i v e r s i ta s Ps yc h o l o g i ca v. 10 no. 1 e n e r o-a B r i l 2011 el paciente, intento del paciente por informar a su cónyuge sobre su enfermedad, intento del paciente por adoptar una conducta de protección hacia su cónyuge, y decisión del médico de consultar a un especialista en ETS). Un análisis de racimos reveló grupos de participantes que encontraron la ruptura de la confidencialidad oscilando entre “siempre aceptable” y “nunca aceptable”. A pesar de las diferencias de legislación y códigos de ética, las muestras de público general no difirieron mucho en sus convicciones personales respecto a las circunstancias de protección o ruptura de la confidencialidad del paciente. En contraste, los médicos chilenos apoyaron menos que los franceses mantener un completo respeto a la confidencialidad del paciente en todos los casos. Palabras clave autores Confidencialidad relación médico-paciente, enfermedad sexualmente transmisible, violencia de pareja, Chile, Francia. Palabras clave descriptores Comunicaciones confidenciales, médico y paciente, enfermedades de transmisión sexual, violencia conyugal, Chile. The study compared the attitudes of lay people and health professionals in Chile and France concerning the breaking of confidentiality by physicians who suspect that their patients are going to put the health and lives of others in danger. It also compared the public’s and the caregivers’ attitudes in both countries. Confidentiality is an ethical cornerstone of physician-patient relationships. Confidentiality ensures trust. Trust facilitates complete disclosure of personal and sometimes sensitive information. Complete information allows more rapid and accurate diagnosis and, as a result, more rapid and effective treatment. Confidentiality plays, therefore, an indisputable role in the treating and healing process. Its importance was recognized in the earliest codes of medical conduct (Edelstein, 1943).
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